Ka Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act, 1950, ïa kane ka aiñ la sdang pyntreikam ha Assam; Yn pyntreikam neem ha Meghalaya?

Ngi ïohi ha kine ki bnai ba la dep, ka sorkar Assam ka la rai ban pyntrei kam noh ïa ka “Immigrant (Expulsion from Assam) Act, 1950, ka ain kaba pynkup bor ïa ka sorkar jylla Assam ban beh krad ïa ki poi-ei bar-ri (illegal immigrant), kiba dei ki bar-ri (foreigners) kiba la rung khlem ain bad shong ha Assam.
Ha shwa bad ha ka por ka thma Bangladesh ha u snem 1971, bun ki khar Bangladesh ki la wan phet wir sha Assam ban shong ban sah, kine ki dei kita ki illegal immigrant lane ki poi-ei bar-ri. Ha ri Khasi ruh bun kiba la wan rung; ha Shillong, ha Umpling la ai jaka sah ïa ki khar Bangladesh shipor ha ka por thma bad ba ki dei ban leit phai biang sha la ri ynda la kut ka thma. Hynrei haduh mynta ki dang sah bad la tip ïa kato ka jaka kum ka “Refugee Colony”. Kane ka dei ka ri Khasi-Jaintia, kum ki trai-ri tynrai ba la ai jingïada kyrpang da ka 6th Schedule, ki nongïalam, ki Rangbah Shnong ki dei ban tip shai ïa ki kyndon ba kumno la ai ïa ka khyndew ha Umpling ïa kita ki Refugee bad sa katno sngi kin sah hangto. Mynta la dei ban pyrkhat thymmai pat haba ka CAA kam trei kam ha ri Khasi-Jaintia, nangta sa ba ka IEAA, 1950 ka pyrshah ban ai jaka shong ïa ki poi-ei ha ki Scheduled Tribe area.
Namar ka jingwan rung paidpah ki poi-ei na Bangladesh haduh ba ka la ktah ïa ka imlang sahlang ki trai ri ha Assam. La don ka jingïakhih (agitation) kaba jur ha ka jingïalam ka All Assam Student Union naduh ka snem 1979 haduh u snem 1985. Ka la don ruh ka jingïakhih ha Shillong ha u juh hi u snem 1979. Ha u snem 1985, ka sorkar pdeng (Central Govt), ka sorkar jylla bad ka AASU ki la ïa kut bad mynjur (Assam Accord 1985) ban thaw da ka ain bad ban buh da ki kyndon ki ban ïada bad ki ban pynneh ïa ka hok ki trai ri ka jylla Assam. Kawei na kita ki kyndon ka dei ba ‘ ïa ki poi-ei (illegal immigrant) na Bangladesh kiba wan rung hadien ka 24th march 1971 dei ban weng noh na Assam bad beh noh ïa ki sha la ri’. Ha kane ka nongrim la thaw kyrpang ïa ki tnad iing bishar ki ban bishar ïa kiba suba poi-ei bad lada shem ba kim dei ki nong ri India (citizen of India) yn weng noh ïa ki na India/Assam. Ïa kita ki tnad iingbishar la ki khot ki Foreigners Tribunal, kiba don kumba 100 tylli mynta ha ka jylla Assam baroh kawei.
Ha kito ki por ka jingïakhih beh poi-ei, ka dei kongsan eh ïa ki Bengali Hindu kiba la wan rung na Bangladesh. Ha ka por ka jingïakhih bad hadien ba la pyntrei kam ïa ka Assam Accord, ki poi-ei (illegal migrant) Bengali Hindu ki la sdang duna. Hadien kata la sdang pat sa ki Bangali Muslim na Bangladesh ban wan rung sha Assam ban shong shnong. (Ha Meghalaya ka jingrung laitliud ki khar Muslim na Bangladesh ka dei na South bad West Garo Hills District). La shem ba, ka jingwan rung tuh ki khar Muslim ka long kaba jur, ba ki long kiba kham shlur bad kham bun paid.
Ki Muslim ha Assam, ki don kumba 11% ha u snem 1971, ka kiew sha ka 34% ha 2011, namar ba khlem don census ha u snem 2021, la shu khein antad (estimate) da ka sorkar ba, ki khar paid Muslim kin poi sha ka 39% mynta. Ha ka jylla Meghalaya, kat kum ka Census 1971, ki khar Muslim ki don 5.39 % ha Garo Hills bad 0.73% ha United Khasi-Jaintia Hills. Hadien ka Census 1971, ka sorkar Meghalaya ka khlem buh jingkhein shuh ïa ka jingbun briew ki khar Muslim ha ki District (District Wise).
Ka jingbun paid ki poi-ei khar Muslim ha Assam ka la sdang ktah jur ïa ka imlang sahlang ki trai shnong ha ka jylla Assam. Ka sorkar jylla ka la ïohi ïa ka jingdon kam kyrkieh ban teh lakam ïa ka jingwan rung kine ki poi-ei na Bangladesh bad ban weng bad beh noh (deportation) ïa kiba la wan shong be-ain ha Assam. Hynrei, ka ain kaba don mynta lyngba ki Foreigners Tribunal ka long kaba shim por da ki bun snem ban pyntreikam ban beh noh ïa kita ki poi-ei.
Dei ha ka jingbishar ka Supreme Court ha u bnai Oct 2024 halor ka jingujor ïa ki kyndon ka Section 6A ka Citizenship Act, 1955 kaba dei kawei na ki mat ka Assam Accord 1985, ha kata ka por la mih ka jingkynthoh da ki nongbishar (Constitutional Bench) shaphang ka jingdon ka ain ba la tip kum ka “Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act, 1950” (IEAA, 1950), ka ain kaba la ai bor ïa ka sorkar Assam ban weng/beh ïa ki poi-ei bar-ri kiba wan rung na Bangladesh bad ka ba ym don kam shuh ban da wad jingbit na ka iingbishar.
Ha ka kot khubor Hindustan times kaba ha ka 09.09.2025, la ong ba, hadien ba la ïoh jingtip ïa ka jingdon kata ka ain, ka sorkar Assam wud wud ka la rai ba kan pyntrei kam noh ïa ka jingbthah kane ka ain “Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act, 1950” (IEAA, 1950).
Kat kum ka tei ka khubor la ong ba, ka Assam kan ai por, ïa kito kiba suba poi-ei bar-ri (illegal immigrants) 10 sngi ban pynshisha. Lada kim lah ban pynshisha hapoh kata ka 10 sngi ba ki dei ki nong India, yn beh noh ïa ki sha Bangladesh. Ïa kane la pynbna da u Chief Minister, Himanta Biswa Sarma hadien ba ka Cabinet ha ka 09.09.2025, ka la rai ban pyntrei kam ia ki kyndon thymmai (a new set of standard operating procedures/SOP) kiba kat kum ka jingbthah ka Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act, 1950. Ki kyndon kiba ym donkam shuh ban leit lyngba ki Foreigners Tribunal.
(This is a landmark decision, which will provide for ‘fast track action’ against illegal foreigners and “bypass” the existing mechanism of such cases being handled by the nearly 100 foreigners’ tribunals (FTs), the CM, Sarma said).
La ong ba, kat kum ki kyndon thymmai ( set of standard operating procedures/SOP) ka sorkar Assam, ïa ki District Commissioner (DC) bad ki Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) yn pynkup bor ban beh hak dak ïa ki poi-ei bar-ri da kaba pyndonkam ïa ki kyndon ka Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act (IEAA), 1950.
La ong ruh ba, u DC un ai por 10 sngi ïa uno uno u briew u ba la suba poi-ei (suspected illegal immigrant) ban pynshisha (evidence) la u dei u nong India ne em. Lada u ta u ba la suba um lah pynshisha, u DC un ai da ka hukum ban beh noh ryngkat ka jingbthah ban weng noh ïa u ta u poi-ei bar-ri (illegal immigrant) na Assam hapoh ka 24 kynta.
Ha ka juh ka khubor, (Hindustan Times 09.09.2025), u Chief Minister u ong ba , ka State Cabinet kan pyntrei kam ïa kine ki kyndon thymmai (SOP) da ka kam bad da ka mynsiem (in letter and spirit).
Kumno ka IEAA, 1950 ka trei kam:-
Ka ain “Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act (IEAA), 1950”, la thaw ha u snem 1950, ha kato ka por baroh ki jylla ha NE mynta, lait noh ka Sikkim ki dang hap hapoh ka Assam. Ha kato ka ain la bthah ruh ba kan trei kam ha ka Jylla Meghalaya bad Nagaland.
Ka IEAA, 1950 ka bthah ba, lada u bar-ri ne ka kynhun ki bar-ri ki wan rung sha Assam bad ba ka jingwan shong shnong jong ki ka wanrah ïa ka jinwit jingwa ki paidbah nong shong shnong ka ri India lane ïa ki Scheduled Tribe ka Assam, ka sorkar pdeng kan bthah bad hukum ba u ta u bar-ri ne kita ki kynhun ba ki dei ban mih noh na India ne na Assam hapoh ka por ba la buh.
Ïa ka bor ban weng noh ïa ki bar-ri, ka sorkar pdeng kan pynkup bor ha u Officer u ba hapoh ka sorkar pdeng; bad ka sorkar Assam, Meghalaya ne Nagaland yn pynkup bor ha u Officer u ba trei hapoh ka sorkar jylla.
Dei ha kane ka nongrim ba ka sorkar Assam ka la pynkup bor ïa ki District Commissioner bad ki Senior Superintendent of Police ban pyntrei kam ïa kane ka ain bad ba ym don kam shuh ban iaid lyngba ki Tribunal ne iing-bishar.
· Ka sorkar Assam ka la sdang khynra (eviction drive) shaid shaid, kumno ka sorkar Meghalaya pat ka pyrkhat ïa kane bad ki ei ki kyndon la pyntrei kam.
Ha kine ki bnai ba ladep, katba ka sorkar Assam ka sdang pyntrei kam tyngeh ban pynmih noh ïa ki poi-ei bar-ri, ka sorkar Meghalaya, ha ka khubor NE News ba 24th July 2025, la ong ba ka la bthah ïa ki Deputy Commiossioner ban long peit ngor bad ban pahara khnang ban pakhang ia kino kino kiba pyrshang ban rung shapoh jylla. Ym shym la don jingbthah ban khynra ia ki ba la shong shnong.
Ha ka khubor Hub News kaba ha ka 10th Sept 2025, u Chief Minister, u Conrad K Sangma ha ka jubab jong u ha ka iing borbar thaw ain, u la pynshngain ba ka sorkar ka la dep pynkhreh ia baroh ki lad ban pakhang ïa poi-ei kiba pyrshang ban wan rung. Hynrei khlem don kaei kaei ka jingpynsngew ba kumno yn leh ia kito kiba la ïoh rung bad la shong shnong be-ain ha ka jylla, khamtam ha West Garo & North Garo Hills District.
B. Kino ki thain ba ki khar Bangla poi-ei ki pyrshang ban rung bad ban shong shnong:
(a) Ka sor Shillong ka dei ka jaka kaba khring ïa ki poi-ei.
(i) La ïohi man ki por ki seng paidbah, kum ka KSU bad kiwei kiwei ki la ïa mih ban khynra bad pynmih ia ki poi-ei ba rung be-ain, la ïoh kem teng ruh ïa ki poi-ei bar-ri Bangladeshi. Ki seng paidbah ki hap ban leh ïa kane namar ba ka bor sorkar kam shim khia.
(ii) Ka sorkar ka la thaw ïa ki ain, kum ka Meghalaya Residents Safety and Security Act, 2016, ka Meghalaya Identification, Registration (Safety & Security) of Migrant workers Act, 2020, hynrei ka jingpyntrei kam dang hap ban pynryntih bha.
(iii) Ka sorkar ka ia trei kam ryngkat bad ki Rangbah shnong, kumno pat ki Rangbah shnong ki pyniaid ïa ki shnong namar dei maki kiba peit ba-i ia la ka shnong. Kumno la ai Permanent Residential Certificate ïa ki nongwei, haba ki Khasi-Pnar kiba trei shabar jylla kim ïoh PRC na ki jylla ba ki trei. Ka ri Khasi-Jaintia ka dei ka 6th Scheduled, kaba la don ka ain ba kyrpang. Dei ban da sngewthuh ïano bad kumno ban ai PRC, ym dei ba, da ka PRC ba la ai, u nongwei un ïoh shongduh ha ri Khasi.
(b) Ka thain kaba ba bun paid Muslim kiba suba poi-ei (illegal immigrant) na Bangladesh ka dei ha South, West bad ha north Garo Hills District kat kum ki report.
(i) Tang naduh u Oct. 2024 haduh u July 2025, 98 ngut ki poi-ei Bangladeshi la ïoh kem na South bad West Garo Hills. Kane ka dei tang ïa kiba la pynmih ha ki kot khubor bad ki dei tang ïa kito kiba la ïoh kem. Sa kito kiba ym ïoh kem ym tip sa katno ngut bad ïa kito kiba la wan rung naduh mynshwa. La ong ruh ba kito kiba la ïoh kem, ki da don la ki nong ïarap kiba la shong lypa ha ka District.
(ii) Ha ka khubor ka Shillong Times kaba ha ka 25th Jan 2025, la ong ba ki poi-ei Bangladeshi ki ïoh ban rung namar dang don katto katne ki bynta bad ha ki bynta ki wah kiba ym pat don jingker (Border Fencing). La ong ruh ba wat la ki bor BSF ki trei shitom ban pakhang ïa ki poi-ei hynrei ki dang ïoh lad ban rung. (However, due to some sections still remaining unfenced, including rivers, has allowed unscrupulous persons from attempting to get into India….. many still manage to slip through despite the efforts).
(iii) Ka sorkar ka ong ha ki kot khubor (Highland Post 07.05.2025, “fencing in Garo Hills is largely completed”), ka jingker pud la bun ba la dep, ka mut ruh ba dang don ki bynta bym pat dep, kumba ong ki BSF, kaba mut ka jingrung tuh ka dang iaid ha Garo Hills, kumba la pyni ha ki kot khubor haduh ha kine ki sngi.
(iv) U MDC ba mynshwa ka Kharkutta Constituency, u Smith Momin, haba u kren ha ka lad pathai khubor, ka Shillong Times kaba ha ka 22nd May 2025, u la pynpaw ïa ka jingsngew khia ïa ka jingbun paid kiba suba poi-ei Bangladeshi kiba la shong shnong ha ki thai ri thor ka West Garo Hills bad thain Mendipathar ka North Garo Hills (illegal settlement of Bangladeshi nationals in the plain belt areas of West Garo Hills and in the Mendipathar area of North Garo Hills). U pynsngew ïa ka sorkar ban leh ei ei kyrkieh namar u la ong ba, ki trai shnong Garo ki don ha ka jingshong syier ba kan ym slem kin sa long ki rit paid hapdeng ki khar poi-ei na Bangladesh.
(v) Nangta sa u Peterjob Sangma, BJP General Secretary West Garo Hills, ha ka Assam Tribune kaba ha ka 27th Oct. 2025, la ong, ba u la thoh sha u Home Minister shaphang ki jingjyllei kiba suba poi ei na Bangladesh ha Garo Hills, khamtam ha ki thain Phulbari, Rajabala, Tikrikilla bad kiwei kiwei ki thain ri thor. U la pan pyntrei kam kyrkieh ïa ka NRC ha Garo Hills, namar ba, u ong ym slem shuh ba kine ki thain kin sa long “Mini Bangladesh” haduh ba ki trai ri ki la shong syier.
(vi) Ngim phylla ba ki khar Muslim na Bangladesh kila jyllei ha Garo Hills, namar ba la don lypa ki para jaid, khamtam ha ki ar tylli ki non-ST Constituency. Kaba lyngoh shuh shuh ba, kumno ba la shah ban jied MDC teng ruh da u Muslim u bym dei u trai ri-lum (Native/indigenous), namar ym don ain kat kum ka 6th Schedule ban jied ïa u bym dei u trai-ri ka rilum, u bym tip ïa ka niam ka rukom ki riewlum trai-ri.
(vii) Sa kawei pat ka long, ba ngim pat ju ïohi ha ki khubor ba ka sorkar da lade ka leh ei ei (detection drive) ban wad bad khynra ïa ki poi-ei kiba na Bangladesh (illegal immigrant) kiba la wan shong shnong ha West & North Garo Hills, khamtam ha kito ki 2 constituency ba bun paid da ki Muslim. La ong kumne namar ba, ki BSF ki kynthoh ba bunsien ki la kem ruh ïa kiba napoh ka District kiba ïarap ïa ki poi-ei (illegal immigrant) ban wan rung sha India.
(viii) Ha Khasi-Jaintia District da ka jingkhynra teng ki seng paidbah, kum ka KSU bad kiwei kiwei la ïoh kem teng ïa ki poi-ei Bangladeshi. Hynrei ha Garo Hills ym ju kham ïohi kum kita ki jingïakhih.
(c) La ïohi na kitei ki jingshem ba ka sorkar jylla kam shym la shim khia ïa ka jingwan rung ki poi-ei kiba la shong ha Garo Hills bad kiba la ïoh ïaid lyngba ruh na Garo Hills. Kane ka la ktah jur ïa ka jaid bynriew Garo (demographic erosion) bad ïa ka imlang sahlang, ka ïoh ka kot ki Garo. Ym dei tang katta, kaba kham sniew, ka dei khamtam eh ba ka ktah ïa ka ri Khasi-Pnar, namar ki paid Garo kat ba ïoh ki lad, ki ïa leh ban wan phet sha ri Khasi bad ki ieh ïa la ka ri. Kumba la ïohi ki Garo kim don jingkit khia ban leh eiei ïa ki poi-ei (illegal immigrant).
(i) Ym dei ba shu kynnoh khlem nongrim ïa ka jingwan phet ki Garo sha Khasi, namar ba la don bun ki kynhun, kum ki “All Khasi Hills Achik Federation” bad “All Ri Bhoi Garo Headmen Association” ha kylleng ka ri Khasi. Sa ka ei pat yn hap pynshisha. Ha Garo Hills ym ju don kino kino ki kynhun Khasi-Pnar, balei pat ka don ha ri Khasi? Kaba dei eh ïa kine ki seng Garo ban leit phai sha la Garo ban khynra ïa ki poi-ei; pynban ha ri Khasi ki ïa khih ban buhai shnong bad kaba nang jur katba nang ïaid ki por, kane ka long kaba be-ain bad pyrshah ïa ka 6th Schedule. La ong kumne ruh namar ka jingwan buhai shnong ki Garo sha ri Khasi ka dei, kaba jur eh hadien ba la ïoh jylla, ym lah ban len ïa kata ba don khyndiat paid kiba la don lypa.
(ii) Ka jingïoh lad ki Garo, ki Naga ki Lushai bad kiwei kiwei ban buhai shnong ha ri Khasi, ka dei ka jingbym don ka bor pyrkhat (capacity) ki nongïalam Khasi-Pnar, ki syiem, ka KHAD bad ki rangbah shnong ba kumno yn leh. Ka 6th Schedule, naba sdang ka bynta ïa ki District kat kum ki jaid bynriew trai-ri (Native), ka bthah ba ki trai ri (native) ki dei ban pynneh ïa la ka riti ka dustur bad ïa la ka khyndew ka shyiap ha la ka jong ka jong ka District. Bad ïa ka bor la aiti ha ki trai-ri (self-governance/autonomy) ba, da lade hi kin kham kit khia ban ïada ïa la ki jong ki khyndew ki shyiap. Ha ba la ïoh ïa ka bor ha la ka kti, u Khasi pat imat, u la rai ban die duh ïa la ki Khyndew sha ki Naga, ki dkhar, ki Garo, ki Lushai, ki Kuki bad sha kiwei kiwei kumba la ïohi haduh ha kine ki sngi. Ha Nagaland, ha Mizoram bad ha Sikkim kam dei kumta, dei tang ki trai-ri tynrai (native) lane kito kiba la don lypa shwa ban long ain ka 6th Schedule, kiba lah ban ïa thied khyndew.
(iii) Nangta ki ïoh lad shuh shuh sa ha ka jingthung kam ïa ki post kiba hapoh ka District Level, kaba ki khot ka District Level Employment (ki post Grade C & D kiba kham bun post). Ha ba la bthah ba 80% ki post dei ban jied kyrpang (preference) shwa ïa ki trai shnong ka District (local permanent resident of the District). Kaba mut ba ha Khasi-Jaintia ïa ka 80% ki post dei ban jied kyrpang shwa ïa ki Khasi-Pnar, pynban ki nongïalam Khasi-Pnar (haduh u Aug. 2024, la kumba 50 snem mynta) ki mang tang 40% ïa ki Khasi-Pnar bad 40% ki ai ei ïa ki Garo. Dei na kane ka rukom leh be-ain, ngi shem ba ha ki Office ha sor Shillong ka jingbun ki Garo bad ki Khasi-Pnar ka long mar katjuh, nangta sa ka ïoh shong shnong syndon.
Ka long ka jingduh kaba khraw tam ba ki nongïalam Khasi-Pnar kim don ka bor shemphang ban ïohi ïa kane bad kine baroh ki la nang pynshlur ïa ki Garo ban phet sha ri Khasi, kim nang niew kor shuh ïa la ka ri, ïoh rung mon bad buhai shnong ei ki poi-ei na Bangladesh.
· Ka jingdon kam ban pyntrei kyrkieh ïa “Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act (IEAA), 1950” ha ka jylla Meghalaya:
· Ka sorkar pdeng (Central Govt) ka bthah ban pyrkhing ka jingpakhang ïa ki poi-ei na Bangladesh, bad ka la pynshlur ïa ka sorkar Assam ban pyntrei kam kloi ïa ka ain “Immigrants (Expulsion from Assam) Act (IEAA), 1950” bad ban weng/beh (deport) ïa ki poi-ei be-ain.
· Kumba ïohi ki Garo ki dei ki bym da sngew pher ïa ki nongwei, hynrei haba da ki nongïalam Garo, ki ba la pynsngew ïa ka sorkar, ka mut ba, ka kaei kaba la long ha Garo Hills, ka dei kaba la palat pud.
· Ka Meghalaya kaba dei ka 6th Schedule, sorkar ka dei ban pynkhreh kyrkieh ïa ki kyndon ban thwet ïa ki poi-ei (illegal immigrant) kiba phet rieh na Assam ban wan sha Meghalaya sha ba la don lypa ki para jaid kiba la shong la sah. Kaba don kam eh ka dei ban ban khynra (detection drive of the illegal settlers) kumba ong u Smith Momin bad Peterjob Sangma, ïa kito kiba wan shong be-ain. Tang kaba shu bthah ïa ki DC ban peit ngor bad ban pahara ïa ki khap pud kam biang.
· U CM u dei u Garo, u don ka jingkit khlieh ban ïada ïa la ki jaid bynriew Garo, ha District Garo, lada um leh ei ei, kan wanrah ïa ka jingjot ïa ka ri Garo bad ka jingwit jingwa ïa ka ri Khasi. Nalor ba, kan long ruh pyrshah ïa ka jingbthah ka sorkar pdeng.
· Ki nongïalam Khasi-Pnar, ka dei ïa ki, ban shai kumno ban pyntrei kam thik ïa ki ain ka 6th Schedule kiba ïa dei bad ki khyndew ki shyiap. Lada kim sngewthuh shai, ki dei ban peit bniah ïa ki ain khyndew (Land Regulation) ka Nagaland, Mizoram (kiba don hapoh ka 6th Schedule haba sdang) bad ka Sikkim ha kaba la bthah ba, tang ki trai-ri (Native) ka District kiba lah ban ïa thied khyndew, kumba la ong haneng. Ha ka por ba dang hap hapoh ka Assam, ïa ki khyndew ki shyiap ha 6th Schedule District la pynïaid da ki trai-ri kat kum la ka jong ka riti ka dustur lyngba ka ADC. Mynta, ha Meghalaya, kat kum ka jaid bynriew trai-ri, la bynta ha ki ar District, ka United Khasi-Jaintia bad ka Garo Hills District. Ka dei ban long kum ha ka por ka Assam, u Khasi-Pnar um dei ban mushlia sha Garo bad kumjuh ruh u Garo um dei ban wan muslia sha ri Khasi-Jaintia, khnang ba ka riti ka dustur, ka niam ka rukom bad ka khyndew ka shyiap ha la ka jong ka ri kan neh kan sah. Ym dei ban ïa khleh, ïoh poi sha ka wit ka wa. khamtam eh, ba ki Garo kin nang ban niew kor ïa la ka khyndew ka shyiap ha la ri.
(Ïa kane ka Article la thoh da u rangbah u ba trei shabar Jylla la bun snem bad u ba dang shu shong thait shen).