Ka Jylla Meghalaya ka la kynjoh Sanphew Snem (50) pura bad ka dei kawei na ki Jylla jong ki ritpaid riewlum/trai Ri (Tribal minority) bad kumta la bsuh ïa ki kyndon bad khyrnit ha ka Riti Synshar ban pynkyrpang bad ïada ïa ka Jylla. Lah ban kdew hangne kawei ne ar; na ki hynriew phew (60) tylli ki shuki hapoh ka ïing Dorbar Thaw Aiñ ka Jylla sanphew san (55) tylli la mang kyrpang na ka bynta ki ritpaid trai Ri. Kaba mut ki ritpaid riewlum ne trai Ri hapoh ka Jylla Meghalaya ki synshar hi pura da lade ïa lade. Kaba ar, ka Khyrnit ba hynriew (sixth schedule) jong Riti Synshar ka ai bor, ai iktiar ïa ki ritpaid trai Ri ban ïada, ban pynneh, ban pynïaid ïa ka khyndew, ki khlaw, ki marpoh khyndew, ki um ki wah bad ban kyntiew ïa ki jingtip tynrai, ka kolshor bad dei riti.
Ha kine ki sanphew snem, lait na ka Aiñ Bat Khyndew (Transfer of Land Regulation Act 1971), ym don kawei ruh ka Aiñ kaba snah ne kaba ai jingkyrmen kaba la thaw ha ka Jylla. Pynban naduh ba sdang hi la pyntlot bor ïa ka Aiñ Bat Khyndew 1971. Naduh ki snem 1979, 1981 ter ter bad haduh ban da lop syndon ïa ki bniat jong ka ha ka snem 1997 da kaba thaw ïa ka Single Window Policy. Ka Sorkar, ki riewkhwan myntoi bad kynhun jong ki riewshimet kiba napoh bad na bar ka Jylla ki ïoh laitlan ban klun bad thied khyndew naphang khlem jingteh lakam ha ka kyrteng jong ka roi ka par. Kumta ka jingpynjot pathar ïa ki khlaw bad ka mariang ha kine ki ar phew san snem kiba la lah ka long kaba shyrkhei.
Ki ritpaid trai Ri jong ka Jylla Meghalaya ki don ka jingïadei ba jan bad ka khyndew ne ka mei ramew. Ki pynithuh ïalade bad ka khyndew kaba ki rep ki riang, ki trei ki ktah bad kim lah ban im ne ban long Jaitbynriew khlem ka khyndew. Phewse, katkum ka Socio Economic Caste Census Survey 2011 la shem ba hynïiew phew hynriew na ka shispah (76%) ki nongshong shnong ha ki shnong kyndong ha ka Jylla kim longtrai shuh halor ka khyndew, ki im khlem ka khyndew bad kim don khyndew shuh kaba dei la ka jong ban rep, ban shong ïing bad ban aiti pateng ha ki khun.
Ka jingduk jingkyrduh ka la nang kiew ha ka Jylla bad lah ban ong ba ka jingduk ka tied jingkhang ha jan man la ki thliew ïing. Ka Report jong ka Planning Commission (mynta Niti Ayog) jong ka snem 2012 ka ong, “ba hapdeng ka snem 2009-10 ka jingdon kiba duk ha Meghalaya ka la nang kiew bad kumba sawphew hynïiew na ka shispah (47%) ki don ki briew kiba duk ha ki shnong nongkyndong (Rural Tribal Poverty) ha ka thaiñ shatei lam mihngi jong ka Ri India”.
Nalor nangta sa ka mat ïohkam ïohjam ki samla. Tang ban shu ïohkam ruh kam pat biang, ka bai bylla ne ka tulop bad ki hok jong ki nongtrei-nongbylla pat ki long kumno? Ka dur kaba shai kdar ka paw ha ka Jylla Meghalaya ba ki nongtrei-nongbylla kim dei shuh ki nongtrei, pynban ki la long kum ki mraw bad ym don ba ñiewkor ïa ki.
Ka jinglong jingman jong ki nongtrei-nongbylla hapoh ka Jylla ka long kumne; (i) ki nonghikai skul kim ïoh tulop thikna bad da ki bnai ka tulop jong ki ka sah kut (ii) ki nongtrei casual bad contractual ruh kim ïoh tulop da ki bnai. (iii) ki nongtrei casual bad contractual ba thung lyngba ki labor contractor ym dei tang kim ïoh tulop, ki shah ot sa san tyngka na ka shispah (5%) bad tam ïa kata na ka tulop jong ki. Nalor nangta ki trei bordi haduh 12 ne 15 ne 18 kynta ha ka shi sngi. (iv) ki nongtrei-nongbylla ha ka Jylla kim ïoh ïa ki shuti kum ki casual leave, earned leave, medical leave bad kiwei. Lada ki pep trei ki shah ot ka bai bylla sngi bad ki nongtrei kynthei kim ïoh shuti ha ka por ba ki pun por bad kha khun (maternity leave). (v) Lait noh ki nongtrei Sorkar ba pura, ki nongtrei-nongbylla hapoh ka Jylla Meghalaya kim ïoh jingïarap bad jingkyrshan pisa ba pura na ki nongaikam ha ka por ba ki shitom bad shah sumar pang. (vi) ka bai bylla ha ka Jylla Meghalaya ka long kaba poh dor tam bad bun bah ki nongaikam kim siew tulop ïa ki nongtrei jong ki katkum ka Aiñ Minimum Wage bad ka Sorkar ruh kam patiaw ban kyntiew ïa ka bai bylla kaba dei ruh ban long katkum ka jingkiew ki dor ki mur, ki marbam mardih ha ïew. Ha kawei pat ka liang ka bai wai ïing ka kiew stet, ka bai kali ka kiew kumba suh u ‘nam ding sha sahit bneng, ka bai kot, bai skul bad bai dawai khlem sngewlem ki kiewdor man la ka por. Ka jingim ki nongtrei nongbylla ha ka Jylla ka long kaba kordit.
Ka jingkyrduh kam ka long kaba shyrkhei bad katkum ka sorjamin ka jingkyrduh kam hapoh ka Jylla ka kiew haduh shiphew na ka shispah (10%) tang ha u bnai April 2020.Ka Sorkar ka lah ban ai kam tang kumba arphew san na ka shispah (25%). Kaba tam hynïiew phew san na ka shispah (75%) ka dei jong ki riewshimet/company bad ki nongshong shnong shimet kiba sengkam lajong. Hynrei ki samla kiba kwah ban seng kam lajong ruh ki shem jingeh, khamtam kito ki bym don bai seng. Kim lah ban wai dukan namar ka bai wai ka remdor palat bad ym don ka jingteh lakam. Kim don bai seng ban ïakob bad kiwei ki nongkhaïi kiba heh, lymda ki ïoh jingïarap bad jingkyrshan na ka Sorkar.
Ka Meghalaya ka la ïoh shiphew tylli ki elekshon naduh ka snem 1972 bad ngim pat shym la ïoh mad thikna ïa ki seng saiñ hima kiba ïeng bad treikam katkum ka thymmei saiñpyrkhat jong ki. Ym pat don hi ruh ka seng saiñ hima kaba ïeng na ka bynta ka bha ka miat bad ka jingbit-jingbiang lang jong ki riewpaidbah, ki rangli ki juki bad kaba ïeng halor ka nongrim jong ka jingïaryngkat dor ki kynthei, ki shynrang bad khun bynriew salonsar ha ka imlang sahlang. Hynrei kaei kaba ngi mad ka dei ka politic khwan myntoi, kamai spah, ka kylla ktien, kylla rong bad kylla seng kaba khah khah. Don tang kawei kaba ki nongsynshar ki ïamir, ki ïamynjur lang bad kata ka dei ka bor, ka spah bad ka khwan myntoi shimet. Kumta ka por ka dei mynta ba ngin pynduh noh ïa kane ka jait politic kaba pynjot.
Kaei kaba ka Jylla Meghalaya ka donkam kyrkieh myntaï (i) ban pynkhlaiñ ïa ka Aiñ bat khyndew khnang ban lah ban pynneh ïa ka jinglongtrai jong ki nongshong shnong halor ka khyndew, ban pynkhlaiñ ruh ïa ki aiñ ïada mariang bad ban pyndam noh ïa ka single window policy. (ii) ka Aiñ ban buh pud ïa u ne ka riewshimet ban thied khyndew/jaka (Land Ceiling Act) (iii) ban teh lakam da ka Aiñ bad pynlong ryntih halor ka bai wai dukan ne ïing shong briew (Rent Control Act) khnang ba kan ym ban khia ïa kiba duk bad kumjuh kan ym pynïap ïa ki trai ïing. (iv) ban burom bad ïiewkor ïa ki nongtrei-nongbylla kiba trei ha ki kam bapher, ban kyntiew ïa ka bai bylla bad siew thikna man la u bnai ïa ka tulop. (v) ban ai ha ki nongtrei nongbylla ïa ki hok jong ki baroh kaba kynthup; (a) ka por trei kaba phra kynta shi sngi (b) ki shuti (k) ban kyrshan bai dawai bad bai sumar pang, ban kyrshan bai skul bad bai kot ïa ki khun (vi) ban plie ïa ki skul bad hospital paidbah kiba biang ki doctor, ki nongtrei bad ki tiar sumar pang kiba bha bad paka tam. (vii) ban thaw ïa ki housing project ne ban die ïa ki ïing shong ha ka dor kaba jem sha ki nongtrei-nongbylla sngi. (viii) ban buh pud ïa ka dor ka mur jong ki mar rep lane ba ka dor jong ki mar rep kam dei ban duna palat ïa ka dor ba la buh lane ka Minimum support price (ix) ban ïada bad kyntiew ïa ki nongrep kiba shisha kiba kamai jakpoh na ki kam rep. (x) ban kyrshan pura ïa ki samla ki bym don bai seng ban sengkam lajong. (xi) ban teh lakam da ka aiñ ïa ki hospital, ki skul, ki kolej bad skulbah ba pynïaid da ki riewshimet ne kynhun bym dei Sorkar. (xii) ban pynduh ne weng noh na ki jingmut jingpyrkhat ba ki kynthei kim lah ban ïashim bynta ha ka synshar khadar.
Ka kam saiñ hima kam dei kaba jakhlia, hynrei la pynjngut ïa ka da ki kam bamsap, ka khwan myntoi, ka jingbuaid bor bad ka leh jubor. Ka shonglang ka sahlang kan kulmar hi thlim bad kan mih ka jingïapynïap bad jingïaumsnam para briew lymda don ka synshar khadar kaba hok, kaba shisha, kaba ai jingkheiï bad kaba pynïaid hok ïa ki aiñ ki kanun bad treikam katkum ka Riti Synshar.
Ka jinghikai tynrai ka long ban kamai hok, ban bam na ka umsyep bad ka hukum Blei ka long ba baroh kin san kin mer ryntih bad kin mad ïa ka jingim ba tngen, ba khiah krat bad ba dap kyrhai.
Ka por ka dei mynta ban ïakhun pyrshah ïa ka bamsap bad ki kam thok kam shukor kiba jyllei ha ka synshar khadar bad treikam treijam. Ngin ïatreilang na ka bynta ban pynïoh ïa ka Jylla kaba synshar hok bad bishar hok.
