Ka jingbuh ïa ka thong bad ka jingshim ïa ki sienjam kiba shlur ban kyntiew ïa ka jingpynmih bording nuclear – RB Grover

Ka roi ka par jong u briew ka ïadei bad ka jingpyndonkam ïa ka bording. Ha kawei ka jingthoh ba la pynmih ha ka Scientific American ha u snem 1971, u Earl Cook u la wad ïa ka jingkiew ha ka jingpyndonkam ïa ka bording uwei pa uwei u briew ha ki por hyndai bad ha ka por ba la wan ka teknoloji. U briew ba mynshuwa u donkam ïa ka bording tang na ka bynta ka bam. La bynrap ïa ka jingdonkam bording na ka bynta ka ïing ka sem bad ka kam khaïi pateng ha ka por ba sdang ka beh mrad. Haba ki briew ki la kylla long ki nongrep, ka jingdonkam bording ruh ka la mih na ki karkhana, ka rep ka riang bad ka leit ka wan. Ka jingdonkam bording na ka bynta ka bam, ka ïing, ka khaïi pateng, ka rep ka riang, bad ka leit ka wan ka la nang kiew lyngba ki karkhana bad ka teknoloji. Ka juk kaba mynta kadei jong ki bor digital, bad ka jingpynkylla digital ïa ka ïoh ka kot ka dawa shuh shuh ïa ka bording.
Ka jingthew “Human Development Index (HDI)” ka long ka jingpynpaw kaba ryntih ïa ka roi ka par jong u briew. Ka pynïasoh lang ïa lai tylli ki dak kiba kongsan, kata, ka jingkamai jong uwei pa uwei u briew, ka pule puthi, bad ka koit ka khiah. Da kaba pyndonkam ïa ka jingïadei hapdeng ka HDI bad ka per capita Final Energy Consumption (FEC), lah ban tip ïa ka kyrdan jong ka bording kaba donkam ban poi sha ka HDI kaba kyrpang. Kum ka dkhot jong ka kynhun G20, ka India ka ïatreilang bad ki ri kiba don ïa ka HDI kaba palat ïa ka 0.9. Ki jingkheiñ jong ngi ki pyni ba ban poi sha ka 0.9, bad haba pyrkhat ïa ki jingpynbha shuh shuh ha ka jingpyndonkam ïa ka bording bad ka jingpyndonkam ïa ka bording ha ki kam, ka India kan donkam ban pynmih kumba 24,000 Terra-Watt-Hours (TWh) ha ka shi snem (Curr. Sci., 2022, 127(5), 517 -527). Shi bynta jong ka, kumba 60 per cent, yn pyndonkam kum ka bording ilektrik, bad ïa kaba sah, yn pyndonkam ban pynmih ïa ka hydrogen ha ki electrolyser. Ka donkam ïa ka hydrogen ban pynduh ïa ka carbon ha ki kam kum ka jingpynmih ïa ki nar, ki sboh, ki plastik, bad kiwei kiwei haba la pynwandur ïa ki lad ki lynti ban pynmih ïa ka hydrogen ha ka jingheh, kan duna ka jingdonkam ïa ka bording.
Ka jingpynmih ha u snem 2023-24 ka long kumba 1950 TWh, bad ka CAGR ha ki por ba dang shen ka long kumba 4.8 percent. Da kaba pynneh ïa ka jingkiew ha kane ka kyrdan, kan long kaba lah ban pynmih 24,000 TWh ha ka shisnem ha ki saw haduh san phew snem. Hynrei ki don ar tylli ki jingeh.
Kaba Nyngkong, ka India ka hap ban pynduh ïa ka carbon ha ka bording jong ka. Namarkata, ka jingkiew ha ka jingpynmih bording ka dei ban don ryngkat bad ka jingpyndonkam bording ha ki kam bad ka jingpynwandur thymmai ïa ka jingkhleh lang jong ka bording. Ka bhah jong ka bording kaba mynta ha ka FEC ka long kumba 22 percent bad ka dei ban kiew bha. Ka jingkhleh bording kaba mynta ka shaniah shibun ha ki fossil fuel, bad ki hap ban bujli da ki tyllong bording ki bym pynmih ïa ka carbon. Kata ka mut ba ka India ka hap ban pynmih kham bun na ka um, ka bording nuclear, ka bording solar bad ka lyer. Ka lad pynmih bording na ka um bad ka lyer ha India ka long kaba duna. Ka India ka long kaba bun briew; ka donkam ïa ki jaka kiba heh na ka bynta ban pyndonkam ïa ka solar photovoltaic. Katba ka lad ba pura jong ka bording na ka um, solar bad ka lyer ki dei kiba hap ban pyndonkam, ka lad jong ki kam pat biang ban pynbiang ïa ka bording kaba donkam ban ïoh ïa ka HDI kaba palat ïa ka 0.9. Kumta, hap ban pynjur ïa ka jingpynmih nuclear, bad haduh ban da dep ïa kata, ka India kan hap ban bteng ban pyndonkam ïa ki fossil fuel.
Kaba ar, ka sngi bad ka Iyer ki dei ki tyllong ki ba don ha tang na ka por sha ka por. Ka bording ba la pynmih da ki photovoltaic cell ne ki windmill ka long kaba pher. Kumta ban pynïadei ïa ka jingpynbiang bording bad ka jingdawa, dei ban buh ïa ka haba ka la palat bad pynbun haba ka jingpynmih bording ka duna ban ïa ka jingdawa. Ka jingbuh ka long kaba rem dor, bad ka jingpynbiang ïa ka jingpyndap ïa ki jingduna ka bor solar bad ka bording ba pynmih na ka lyer ka long kaba rem dor bha. Ban pynbiang ïa ka bording kaba jemdor sha ki nongpyndonkam, ka jingkhleh bording ka dei ban don ka jinglah ban pynmih bording kaba biang, kata, ka jingpynmih bording kaba khlem shong ha ki aïom ne ka por ha ka sngi. Ki jaka pynmih bording nuclear ki long kiba don ka jingkit ba kongsan bad ki dei ban long shi bynta jong ka jingkhleh lang jong ka bording ba la pynduh carbon.
Da kaba sngewthuh ïa kane ka jingdonkam, ki unit jong ka tnad Atomic Energy, ha ka jingïatreilang bad ki karkhana jong ka India, ki la trei ban pyndonkam ïa ka bording nuclear ha ka rukom ba ka jingpynbiang bording kaba pura ka long kaba la leh hapoh ka ri. Tang u uranium hap ban wanrah nabar ri namar ba ka India kam pat dap ïa u uranium. Ka India ka la pynwandur ïa ka teknoloji ban shna ïa ka umphniang, ban pynmih ïa ka heavy water, bad ban shna ïa baroh ki tiar kiba donkam ban kyrshan ïa ka jingshna ïa ki Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs). Ka Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited ka la sngewthuh ban shna bad pyntreikam ïa ki PHWR kiba don ki kyrdan bapher bapher, kaba heh tam ka long 700 MW. Lai tylli ki 700 MW unit ki la dep treikam, bad kaba saw ka la jan dep. Ar tylli pat ki dang ïaid shaphrang ha ka jingtei. Ha u snem 2017, ka sorkar pdeng ka la mynjur ban tei shiphew tylli ki PHWR kiba 700 MW bad ka jingtrei ïa kine ki unit ka dang ïaid shakhmat.
La seng ïa ka kynhun pynïaid ha ki snem 1980 bad la kyntiew ïa ka bor bad ka jinglah ban peit ïa ki jaka pynmih bording nuclear. Ka Bhabha Atomic Research Centre ka la pynmih ïa ki teknoloji ban pyntreikam biang ïa ka tyllong nuclear ba la dep pyndonkam ban ïoh biang ïa ki tiar kiba kordor bad ban tehlakam ïa ki jaboh nuclear. Kum ka jingmih na kine ki sienjam, ka jingpynmih bording nuclear ka long ka lad kaba lah ban leh ha ka liang ka jingstad saïan, kaba jemdor bad kaba shngaiñ na ka bynta ka India.
Kine ki jingjop ki la pynshlur ïa ka Sorkar Pdeng ban buh thong ban buh ïa ka bor nuclear kaba 100 GW shuwa ban poi ïa u snem 2050. Baroh artylli ki ïing dorbar thawaiñ jong ka Parliament ki la mynjur ïa ka “The Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India Bill, 2025”. Ka Bill ka dei ka aiñ kaba kynthup ïa baroh kawei bad ka pynïasoh lang ïa ki kyndon kiba la kynthup ha ka Atomic Energy Act, 1962, bad ka Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010. Ka ong ba ïa ka Atomic Energy Regulatory Board ba la don lypa “yn ñiew ba la thaw ïa ka hapoh kane ka ain”. Ka Bill ka pynthikna ba ka jingkitkhlieh ba kongsan na ka bynta ka jingshngaiñ, bad jingïada ka shong ha u nongshim laisen ïa ka jaka.
Ka thong ba la buh na ka bynta ka bording nuclear ka long kaba skhem. Ka Bill kaba la mynjur da ka Parliament ka dei ka sienjam kaba shlur. Ka India ka donkam ïa ki thong kiba skhem bad ki sienjam kiba shlur ban long ka ri kaba la kiew.
(U nongthoh u dei u nuclear scientist ba pawkhmat bad u Dkhot jong ka Atomic Energy Commission uba la pynwandur shibun ïa ka kam nuclear jong ka ri India. U la don ka bynta kaba kongsan ha ka India-US Civil Nuclear Agreement bad u dei u director ba seng ïa ka Homi Bhabha National Institute).